How Are Rimfire Cartridges Made?

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posted on September 2, 2017
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Above: ELEY's contact .22 LR subsonic ammo. This particular round uses 42-grain round nose bullets at 1090 fps.

Rimfire cartridge cases are the oldest self-contained cartridge in existence, having been in continuous production since the mid-1850s. These cases are cheap and easy to manufacture and provide customers with a low-cost, reliable round. 

Rimfire cases are drawn from a thin piece of brass and formed with a hollow rim. A priming compound is then forced into the case using centrifugal force, where it is charged with powder and a bullet is seated in the mouth of the case. The case is then crimped around the bullet to ensure sufficient push and pull when the round is fired. When the firing pin strikes the thin brass rim of the case, the hollow rim is crushed and the primer is ignited.

Initially, rimfire ammo was made using black powder. Smith & Wesson’s original .22 used four grains of black powder. The .22 Long upped that to five grains, and the .22 Extra Long used six. Nowadays, there are even kits available for reloading .22 LR. New disciplines, such as the ELEY Practical Rimfire Challenge, are gaining in popularity alongside traditional Smallbore Rifle competition.

The rimfire cartridge has also been used extensively for self-defense, mostly because of the convenience factor.

We've listed below some of our favorite rimfire cartridge articles from across the NRA Publications network:

Latest

Rem Wethepeople America250 Jun2026 1
Rem Wethepeople America250 Jun2026 1

Remington We the People 250th Anniversary Ammo Ships to Retailers

Remington’s We the People 250th Anniversary ammunition is now shipping nationwide, a 2026-only commemorative run across rifle, handgun, rimfire and shotshell loads.

Kansas and Texas Headline Team Titles at 2026 4-H Shooting Sports Nationals

Kansas and Texas each claimed two team titles at the 2026 4-H Shooting Sports National Championships, which drew nearly 700 competitors to Nebraska.

XS Sights Adds Pre-Drilled Fiber Optic Sights for Smith & Wesson Revolvers

XS Sights now offers pre-drilled fiber optic sights for Smith & Wesson J-, K- and L-frame revolvers, installable without custom gunsmithing.

NRA Youth Ambassador Jackson Schmidt’s Bianchi Cup Experience

NRA Youth Ambassador Jackson Schmidt shares his first Bianchi Cup International Pistol Tournament, where he won Junior Rimfire division and placed third in Junior Centerfire.

Review: Vortex Strike Eagle 1-10X 24 mm FFP

A review of the Vortex Strike Eagle 1-10X 24 mm optic, a first focal plane LPVO built for multigun and IPSC Rifle competition.

Remington Performance Wheelgun 22 Rimfire Built for Classic Revolvers

Remington’s Performance Wheelgun 22 rimfire load is shipping nationwide, a 39-grain subsonic .22 LR cartridge built for classic revolvers and plinking.

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