Rifle Fundamentals: Sight Adjustment

by
posted on June 3, 2018
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **
2018rifle_club_gallery-9.jpg (1)

As soon as you are shooting good groups, you are ready to adjust your sights, in order to move your groups to the middle of the target. You have proper sight adjustment when the center of your group is in the center of the target. This assures that you will get the best possible score from you shots.

Adjusting rifle sights
How Sights Work
Raising or lowering the rear sight moves the center of a group up or down on the target. Moving the sight left or right moves the group left or right. Most rear sights have knobs to make this movement. The movement is measured in clicks. Each click moves the center of the group a very small distance on the target. The table below can be used a guide for figuring out sight changes. Later you will learn the precise change one click on your sight makes.

Table For Sight Changes:

Approximate Number of Clicks Needed to Move Group One Scoring Ring 

Rifle                Target             Clicks Per Ring

.22 Cal.            50 ft. Int.         Two

.22 Cal.            50 ft. Nat.        Four

Air Rifle          10 m.               Four

BB Gun           5 m.                 10


The adjustment knobs on many target sights are marked to show in which direction the shot group will move when the knob is turned. If the sights on your gun are not marked to show direction of adjustment, you must test your sight and mark the adjustment direction on the windage (left-right) and elevation (high-low) knobs. Do this by looking closely at the rear aperture while you turn the adjustment knob. Mark the elevation knob to show which way to turn it to move the rear aperture up. Mark the windage knob to show which way to turn it to move the rear aperture to the right.

Centering the Group
The rule for sight adjustment is to move your sights in the same direction you want to move your group. If you group is high and to the left, move your rear sight down and to the right. Here are three steps to follow in adjusting your sights:

  1. Check the target. Mark the center of your group and draw horizontal (left and right) and vertical (up and down) lines through that point. Count how many scoring ring widths there are up or down to the center of the target.
  2. Adjust elevation. Multiply the number of scoring rings up or down by the number given for your rifle and target in the Table for Sight Changes above. Turn the elevation knob that number of clicks.
  3. Adjust windage. Multiply the number of scoring ring widths left or right by the number given for your rifle and target in the Table for Sight Changes. Turn the windage knob that number of clicks. Be sure to move the windage knob, which moves the rear aperture, in the same direction you want your shot group to move.

RIfle Sight Adjustment

After making a sight adjustment, shoot another group and see if the center of your group is in the center of the target. If not, make more sight adjustments until your groups are centered.

More Rifle Fundamental articles:

Latest

1925 National Matches 1
1925 National Matches 1

A Decade on the Firing Line: The National Matches 1920–1929

From Camp Perry’s wind flags to Sea Girt’s surf, the 1920s remade the National Matches into America’s proving ground for pistol, smallbore and high power competition.

Registration Open for 2026 Winchester & White Flyer Top Shot Youth Championship at NILO

Winchester and White Flyer bring the Top Shot Youth Championship back to NILO for a third year with big prizes and family-friendly competition.

Team Remington’s Powell and Hitch Dominate 2026 Caribbean Classic

Team Remington’s Powell and Hitch posted solid scores across multiple events at the 2026 Caribbean Classic in Florida.

Collegiate Rifle: Career Highs Power Akron to Bean Pot Title

Akron rifle captured the Bean Pot Invitational and climbed to No. 14 nationally, fueled by career-best performances from Kaleb Santiso and Kathleen Moran.

New: Leupold VX-4HD Riflescopes

Leupold’s VX-4HD line includes three sizes with 4:1 zoom, custom CDS-ZL2 dials and prices from $799.99 to $1,199.99.

New Mauser M98 Das Original Bolt-Action Rifle Includes .300 Win. Mag. Chambering

Mauser updates its classic M98 with DLC bolt components, Grade 5 wood and new calibers including a first-ever .300 Win. Mag. option.

Interests



Get the best of Shooting Sports USA delivered to your inbox.